In this lesson, we introduce terminology related to nutrients, which are the substances that fuel life and make the body’s functioning possible.
Objective
Be familiar with terminology related to nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, amino acids and essential fatty acids.
Description
Define nutrients and list four major categories. Define vitamins. Explain the characteristics of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, and list the vitamins that are in each category. Describe choline and PABA. Define and describe minerals, macrominerals and trace minerals. Discuss the functions of minerals in the human body. List minerals. Define electrolytes and list their functions. Discuss electrolyte imbalance. List electrolytes. List a few examples of mineral-rich foods. Discuss natural vs. synthetic supplements. Provide a list of synthetic forms of natural vitamins. Define amino acids and what is meant by non-essential, essential and conditionally essential amino acids. Describe the connection of amino acids with proteins, and define a complete protein. List functions of amino acids. List essential amino acids. Define essential fatty acids and the functions of fatty acids.
Vocabulary
acetate, alpha-linolenic acid (ala), amino acids, aminobenzoic acid, ascorbic acid, bicarbonate, biotin, calciferol, calcium, calcium d-pantothenate, cardiometabolic disease or health, carnauba wax, chloride, choline, choline bitartrate, choline chloride, cobalamin, complete protein, cyanocobalamin, d-biotin, dl-alpha tocopherol acetate or succinate, dl-alpha tocopherol, electrolyte balance, electrolytes, essential (nutrients), essential fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, folate, folic acid, inorganic (minerals) , irradiated ergosteral, linoleic acid, macrominerals / major minerals, magnesium, magnesium stearate, menadione, metabolic disease, metabolic health, metabolic syndrome, minerals, monosodium glutamate (msg), niacin, nicotinic acid, nutrients / micronutrients / essential nutrients, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, paba (para-aminobenzoic acid), palmitate, panthothenic acid, pantothenol, phosphate, polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), potassium, pteroylglutamic acid, pufas, pyridoxine hydrochloride, retinoids, retinol, retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate, riboflavin, sodium, stearic acid, thiamine, thiamine hydrochloride, thiamine mononitrate, titanium dioxide, trace minerals, vitamin a, vitamin b complex / b vitamins, vitamin b1, vitamin b10, vitamin b12, vitamin b2, vitamin b3, vitamin b5, vitamin b6, vitamin b7, vitamin b9, vitamin bx, vitamin c, vitamin d, vitamin e, vitamin k, vitamins, water-soluble vitamins
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